MOKSHA LEGAL GROUP

Labour Audit in Nepal (2026): Compliance Guide

MOKSHA LEGAL GROUP NEPAL — Tue, 12 May 2026 12:06:22 +0000

Labour Audit in Nepal (2026): Compliance Guide

1. Background

The Department of Labour and Occupational Safety (“Department”) published a notice on 18 July 2025 making the submission of the Labour Audit (“Labour Audit”) mandatory for all eligible enterprises in Nepal. This article outlines the key matters relating to its preparation and submission of the Labour Audit.

2. Purpose of the Labour Audit

The Labour Audit is prepared to ensure effective implementation of existing labour laws and to maintain healthy industrial relations across enterprises. It safeguards the rights and interests of workers while contributing to overall production and productivity growth. Additionally, it aims to increase compliance with labour-related policies, reduce worker complaints, build employee loyalty, and lessen the burden of government monitoring and inspection. Ultimately, the audit holds enterprises accountable for implementing labour policies and legal provisions.

3. Governing Laws

The Labour Audit in Nepal is governed by following instruments:

a) Labor Act, 2017 (2074) (“Labor Act”)

b) Labor Rules, 2018 (2075) (“Labor Rules”)

c) Labor Audit Standard, 2018 (2075) (“Labor Audit Standard”)

4. Concerned Authority

The Department of Labour and Occupational Safety is the regulatory body responsible for overseeing the Labour Audit process in Nepal.

5. Enterprises Required to Submit the Labour Audit

All companies, private firms, partnership firms, cooperative organizations, and associations registered under prevailing laws for the purpose of carrying out business activities, whether profit-oriented or not.

However, the Audit is not required to be submitted by the Nepal Army, Nepal Police, Armed Police Force Nepal, National Investigation Department, and civil service.

6. Labour Auditor

An enterprise may conduct its Labour Audit through either an internal or external auditor.

a. Internal Auditor:

An internal auditor is a managerial level employee already working within the enterprise.

b. External Auditor:

Any person or organization outside the enterprises must be conducted by a person or organization with the following qualifications.

Labour Auditor: Individual

i.Must be a Nepalese citizen

ii. Must have completed at least a Bachelor’s degree.

iii. Must have a minimum of two years of managerial experience in any industrial or organizational establishment.

Labour Auditor: Entity

i. Registered pursuant to the existing laws;

ii. Entity whose objectives and Working Area includes the matters relating to Labor;

ii. The individual deployed by the Entity to conduct Labor Audit must meet the qualification and eligibility of Individual Labor Auditor (as mentioned above).

7. Responsibilities of the Labour Auditor

The Labor Audit Standard has set out the responsibilities of Labor Auditor. The Labor Auditor is responsible towards the followings:

a. Preparing the Labour Audit Report based on true and accurate facts of the enterprise and submitting it to the enterprise;

b. Completing the audit within the stipulated time without being influenced by any external factors or undue pressure; and

c. Maintaining confidentiality and not disclosing any information obtained during the audit to any third party.

8. Responsibilities of the Enterprise

Pursuant to the Labour Audit Standard, it is the primary responsibility of the enterprise to conduct the Labour Audit and submit the Audit Report to the concerned authority. Furthermore, the enterprise is required to fulfil the following responsibilities:

a. Provide true and accurate information and details relating to the activities of the enterprise to the Labour Auditor;

b. Provide remuneration and other benefits to the Labour Auditor,

c. Provide any other assistance as required while conducting Labor Audit; and

d. Provide one copy each of Labor Audit Report at concerned Department, Labor Relations Committee, Labor Inspector and the concerned regulating authority as mentioned below:

i. Banks and Financial Institutions-Nepal Rastra Bank (“NRB”)

ii. Insurance Companies-Nepal Insurance Authority

iii.Non-Government Organizations-Concerned District Administration Office

iv. Other Enterprises- Concerned approving or regulating authority

9. Submission Deadline

Every enterprise must complete and submit its Labour Audit annually by the end of Poush, which falls around mid-January each year.

10. Penalty for Non-Compliance

Under Rule 56 of the Labour Rules and Section 163(2)(b) of the Labour Act, the Department has the authority to impose a fine of up to NPR 20,000 on the individual who provided the false information, as well as on the management of the enterprise responsible for conducting the audit.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (“MOFA”) Verification in Nepal

MOKSHA LEGAL GROUP NEPAL — Wed, 01 Apr 2026 17:02:01 +0000

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (“MOFA”) Verification in Nepal

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (“MOFA”) attestation is government authentication of the documents issued by other government bodies, confirming that a document is genuine and recognized internationally.

In Nepal, personal, academic and commercial documents intended for international use are officially authenticated through MOFA attestation. This process is administered by the Department of Consular Services under the MOFA. In matters like foreign employment, applying for student visa, getting permanent residency, registering marriages abroad, or doing international business, getting document attested by MOFA is necessary.

List of the documents that is verified from the Department of Consular Services

Educational Documents

SEE / +2 Certificates
Bachelor’s / Master’s Degree
Academic Certificate
Academic Transcripts
Migration Certificates
Provisional Certificate
Professional Certificates
Diploma’s Certificate
Equivalency Certificate

Personal Documents

Birth Certificate
Marriage Certificate
Divorce Certificate
Death Certificate
Police Clearance Report
Medical Certificate

Legal Documents

Court Judgments
Legal Declarations
Affidavits
Power of Attorney

Commercial Documents

Company Registration Certificate
Tax Clearance Certificates
Export/Import Documents
PAN/ VAT Certificate
Trade Licenses
Commercial Invoices and MOUs

Is prior verification required before MOFA attestation?

Yes, any document that needs to be attested by the Department of Consular Services must first be certified by the concerned higher or issuing authority.

For example:

Birth, marriage, divorce, or death certificates must be certified by the respective Municipality or Rural Municipality.
+2 level transcripts and certificates must be verified by the National Examination Board (NEB).
University degrees and transcripts must be authenticated by the concerned University or authorized body.

Only after the above-mentioned verification, the documents can be applied to the MOFA for final attestation.

Step-by-step process of MOFA attestation in Nepal

Step 1: Fill the form

The applicant must first fill out the prescribed application form.

Step 2: Submit the documents

The government officer collects your application and documents, examines them, and forwards them to another officer for fee collection.

Step 3: Pay fees

Pay the prescribed government fee.

Step 4: Receive attested document

Get your verified document back, usually within 1–5 hour.

Is there online MOFA services available in Nepal?

Yes, the Government of Nepal has launched an online system for document attestation services. The process for online MOFA attestation services is as mentioned below: –

Visit the official online portal of the Department of Consular Services.
Create an account or log in to the system.
Submit application details online.
Upload required information.
Receive confirmation.
Visit the office with original documents for final verification (If required).
Collect the attested document after processing is completed.

What are the common grounds for the rejection of MOFA attestation?

The documents may be rejected on the following grounds:

If the document is fake, altered, or tampered with.
If the document format does not meet the official standards or requirements.
If the certificate has been expired.
If the information is mismatched.

Role of a Lawyer in MOFA document rejection cases

Document review
Verification guidance
Correction assistance
Preparation of supporting papers
Legal representation
Assistance with resubmission

How much is the fee for getting MOFA attestation?

The government fee for MOFA attestation is Rs. 500 per document /per page.

Where is MOFA attestation conducted in Nepal?

In Nepal, MOFA attestation is conducted at the Department of Consular Services, which operates under the MOFA. It is located in Tripureshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal.

In conclusion.

MOFA attestation is an essential legal process for individuals and businesses intending to use Nepali documents abroad. Proper verification ensures authenticity, international recognition, and compliance with foreign legal requirements. Applicants must carefully follow the prescribed procedures, submit accurate documents, and pay the applicable fees to avoid rejection or delay. In cases of complications, seeking professional legal guidance can help ensure a smooth and lawful attestation process through the MOFA Nepal.

How To File a Divorce in Nepal From Abroad

MOKSHA LEGAL GROUP NEPAL — Fri, 20 Mar 2026 12:55:04 +0000

How to File a Divorce in Nepal from Abroad

Filing a divorce in Nepal from abroad means that a Nepali citizen (or a spouse married under Nepali law) who is living outside Nepal initiates and completes the legal divorce process in Nepal without being physically present in the country. This is generally done through executing Power of Attorney (Adhikrit Waresnama) before the Nepali embassy to relevant country.

Divorce is a legal process which is performed by the married couple to end their marital relationship.

Legal Grounds for Divorce in Nepal

Under the Muluki Civil Code 2074, a divorce case may be filed on the following grounds.

By the Wife

A wife can file for divorce on the following grounds: –

(a) Except where the husband and wife are living separately after obtaining their partition share or separating bread and board in accordance with law, if the husband has been living separately for three years or more consecutively, without consent of the wife;

(b) If the husband deprives the wife for the maintenance costs or expels her from home;

(c) If the husband commits an act or conspiracy likely to cause grievous hurt or other severe physical or mental pain to the wife;

(d) If the husband concludes another marriage;

(e) If the husband is proved to have made sexual intercourse with another woman; or

(f) If the husband is with evidence to have raped the wife or conspiracy likely to have raped the Wife.

By the Husband

A husband can file for divorce on the following grounds: –

(a) Except where the husband and wife are living separately after obtaining their partition share or separating bread and board in accordance with law, if the wife has been living separately for three or more consecutive years, without consent of the husband;

(b) If the wife deprives the husband for the maintenance costs or expels him from the house;

(c) If the wife commits an act or conspiracy likely to cause the grievous hurt or other severe physical or mental pain to the husband; or

(d) If the wife is proved to have made sexual relation with another person.

Mutual Consent

Both spouses may jointly file for divorce by mutual consent without proving fault, subject to court mediation procedures.

How to execute Power of Attorney (“POA”)?

A Power of Attorney is a legal document by which one person (Client) authorizes another person (Representative) to act on their behalf.

The process of executing POA are as: –

a. Draft the POA

Full details of both parties, the person granting the Power of Attorney and the person receiving it must be clearly mentioned in the POA.
The specific Power granted to the Representative must be clear and be stated in POA.

b. Where to execute the POA?

If executing inside Nepal

The POA must be signed and executed before the judge in the relevant District Court of Nepal.

If executing outside the Nepal

The POA must be signed and executed before the Consular of Nepali Embassy or Consulate in the country of residence.

c. What are the documents required for executing POA outside Nepal?

Citizenship of both parties;
Recent passport size photographs of both parties;
Copy of citizenship of the witnesses; and
Land ownership document (if property related).

What are the required documents for filling a divorce in Nepal from abroad?

Documents required for filing a divorce in Nepal from abroad: –

a.Power of Attorney (POA)

Executed before the Nepali Embassy or Consulate in the country of residence.
Authorizing a lawyer or representative in Nepal to act on your behalf.

b.Citizenship Certificate

Copy of the Nepali citizenship certificate of the petitioner.

c.Marriage Registration Certificate

Official certificate evidencing registration of the marriage in Nepal.

d.Passport Copy

Copy of the petitioner’s valid passport (including visa/residence permit page, if applicable).

e.Photographs

Recent passport-sized photographs of the petitioner.

f.Divorce Petition

Prepared and signed by the authorized representative.

g.Evidence Supporting Grounds (for contested divorce)

Any relevant documents or proof supporting the legal grounds for divorce (if not filing by mutual consent).

h.Mutual Consent Application (if applicable)

A joint application signed by both spouses (in case of mutual divorce), which may be submitted through an authorized representative appointed via a Power of Attorney if either spouse is residing outside Nepal, or, if both are residing outside Nepal, through their respective authorized representatives.

Note: Additional documents may be required depending on the specific circumstances, such as documents relating to property, child custody, or maintenance claims.

What are the required documents for filling a divorce in Nepal from abroad?

Documents required for filing a divorce in Nepal from abroad: –

a.Power of Attorney (POA)

Executed before the Nepali Embassy or Consulate in the country of residence.
Authorizing a lawyer or representative in Nepal to act on your behalf.

b.Citizenship Certificate

Copy of the Nepali citizenship certificate of the petitioner.

c.Marriage Registration Certificate

Official certificate evidencing registration of the marriage in Nepal.

d.Passport Copy

Copy of the petitioner’s valid passport (including visa/residence permit page, if applicable).

e.Photographs

Recent passport-sized photographs of the petitioner.

f.Divorce Petition

Prepared and signed by the authorized representative.

g.Evidence Supporting Grounds (for contested divorce)

Any relevant documents or proof supporting the legal grounds for divorce (if not filing by mutual consent).

h.Mutual Consent Application (if applicable)

A joint application signed by both spouses (in case of mutual divorce), which may be submitted through an authorized representative appointed via a Power of Attorney if either spouse is residing outside Nepal, or, if both are residing outside Nepal, through their respective authorized representatives.

Note: Additional documents may be required depending on the specific circumstances, such as documents relating to property, child custody, or maintenance claims.

FAQs

What is the timeline to complete filling a divorce in Nepal from abroad?

Generally, it is based on the two category which are as: -

a. On Mutual consent

It takes to around 1 to 1.5 months.

b. Disputed Divorce

It may take approximately 1.5 to 2 years or longer depending on the complexity of the case, availability of evidence, Property or custody disputes and Court schedule and procedural delays.

Can we file divorce in Nepal living in abroad?

Yes, we can file a divorce in Nepal living in abroad by executing the POA.

Enlistment of Data Centers and Cloud Services in Nepal

MOKSHA LEGAL GROUP NEPAL — Mon, 16 Mar 2026 08:24:14 +0000

Enlistment of Data Centers and Cloud Service in Nepal (2026)

Background:
To encourage the secure and confidential storage of data through the use of information technology, and to make the information technology system reliable, secure, and effective through the listed Data Centers and Cloud Services and their management, the Government of Nepal has formulated the Data Center and Cloud Service (Operation and Management) Directives, 2081 (2024) (“Directives“) under Section 79 of the Electronic Transactions Act, 2063 (2008) (“Act“). This Article outlines the definitions, enlistment procedures, document requirements, and the renewal process for enlisted entities.

Governing Authority:
The following authority governs the enlistment of the Data Centers and Cloud Services:
a. Department of Information Technology. (“Department” or “DoIT“)

Terminology:
As per the Directives, the following terms have been defined as:
a.Cloud service
The Cloud Service means hardware and software-integrated infrastructure prepared by a data center service provider or other entity to operate (host) information technology systems developed by the government, public, and private sectors.

b.Data Center
The Data Center means a center with the necessary infrastructure for the storage of data and the operation of information technology systems by the government, public, and private sectors.

c.Data
The Data means a formal representation of information, knowledge, or instructions in the form of letters, numbers, images, sounds, or audio-visuals that are being formally prepared or have been prepared for its use in a computer, computer system, or computer network, or produced by a computer, computer system, or computer network.

Procedures for an enlistment of Cloud Service and Data Center:
To enlist the Cloud Service and Data Center following procedures are required to be followed:

Step 1: Registration of the Company with an objective of Cloud Service and Data Center at the Office of Company Register (“OCR“) or Registration of the firm at the Office of Industry and Commerce.
Step 2: Tax registration at the Inland Revenue Office (“IRO”).
Step 3: Enlistment of Cloud Services and Data Centers at the Department.

Required documents for the enlistment Cloud Services and Data Centers:

B. Required documents for the enlistment of the Data Center in Nepal are as follows:

Application;
Company or firm registration certificate;
Assurance of fire safety;
Building completion certificate;
Security and Privacy Policy;
Documents related to the Business Continuity Plan;
Map of the location where the data center shall be located;
Details regarding the Tier of the data center;
Details of the technical personnel involved in the operation of the data center;
Details of the methods and procedures adopted for the physical security of the data center;
Details of the IP Pool available in its name;
High-level electrical design;
Lease agreement (if the premises are rented): and
Information Security Related Standard for both DC and DR within six months of being listed.

6. Renewal of the Cloud Service and Data Center
Cloud Service Provider and Data Center Operators shall renew their enlistment details at the Department by the end of Poush (Dec/Jan) every year.

7. Infrastructures and arrangements required to be managed by the Cloud Service and Data Center
The basic infrastructures and arrangements required to be managed by the Cloud Service Provider and Data Center Operators are as follows:

a. If Hard Disks need to be destroyed, arrangements are made so that data cannot be recovered.
b. Appropriate server racks for housing servers;
c. Availability of network equipment such as Firewalls, Routers, and Switches;
d. Availability of Server and Storage Devices for data storage;
e. Proper arrangement of HVAC (Heat, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning);
f. Proper arrangement for fire safety, including Fire Extinguishers;
g. Arrangements for sufficient and regular availability of internet and electricity;
h. Availability of an IP Pool in the name of the data center operator;
i.Arrangement of an Access Control System at the server location of the data center;
j. Arrangement of personnel related to the physical security of the data center;
k.Proper arrangement of Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) in the data center, and arrangement for Data Center Infrastructure Monitoring;
l. Arrangement of a Network Operation Center (NOC) for regular monitoring of Network Equipment such as Firewalls, Routers, and Switches;
m.Proper arrangement of Security Devices as needed for the security of data stored in the data center;
n. Arrangement for Colocation of customers’ servers for data storage;
o. Arrangement for regular backup of stored data;
p. Technical personnel who have gained certification or are experienced in relevant fields;
q. Arrangement for authorized personnel only to enter the server location;
r. Arrangement for keeping records of visitors to the data center;
s. Arrangement for Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) data storage for at least three months prior;

8. Tier rating of the Data Center in Nepal.

Data Center shall be classified as a tier rating based on the physical infrastructure and services as
follows:

Tier	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 3	Tier 4
Features to be included
Distribution path Power and Cooling	1	1	1 active/ 1 alternative	2 active
Redundant Active Component	N	N	N+1	2 (N+1)
Redundancy Backbone	No	No	Yes	Yes
Redundancy Horizontal Cabling	No	No	No	Optional
UPS/Generator	Optional	Yes	Yes	Dual
Concurrently Maintainable	No	No	Yes	Yes
Fault Tolerant	No	No	No	Yes
Availability (uptime within year)	99.67%	99.749%	99.982%	99.999%
Downtime (a year)	Less than 28.8 hrs	Less than 22 hrs	Less than 1.6 hrs	Less than 26.3 min
Power backup (in case of electricity breakage)	12 hours	12 to 24 hours	24 to 48 hrs	48 hrs

9. Are the foreign investor allowed to establish a Cloud Service and Data Center in Nepal?
Yes, both Cloud Service and Data Center in Nepal can be established by the Foreign Investor through the approval of Foreign Direct Investment (“FDI”) from the Automatic Route.

Provision on Retrenchment of the Employee under Nepal’s Labor Act, 2017

MOKSHA LEGAL GROUP NEPAL — Tue, 12 Aug 2025 12:46:30 +0000

Provision on Retrenchment of the Employee under Nepal’s Labor Act, 2017

Where an enterprise faces financial problems or the employee becomes redundant because of the merger of more than one enterprise or the enterprise needs to be closed down partially or completely, the employer may retrench the number of employees.

Procedure for retrenchment:

The employer shall give prior notice of at least thirty days before the date for retrenchment, stating the reason, possible date for retrenchment and probable number of employees to be retrenched to the Labor Office and the authorized trade union (if any) of the enterprise, or the employee relation committee;
Upon this, the employer shall conduct discussion with the concerned trade union (if any) or the employee relation committee in relation to the alternatives to the retrenchment of employees and the grounds and conditions of the selection of the employees for retrenchment, and the employees may be retrenched as per the agreement reached; and
If the trade union (if any) or the employee relation committee does not want to discuss or no agreement is reached, the employer may retrench the employee by giving information of that matter to the Labor Office.

Kindly note, the above procedure on retrenchment is not applicable to entities in Special Economic Zones or to entities partially or fully closed by the order of the Government of Nepal or the Labor Court.

Retrenchment order:

Retrenchment shall be made generally in the following order:

foreign employees,
employees who have been awarded more punishments comparatively for misconduct,
employees whose standard of work performance is rather weak,
Employees who were appointed last among those performing the same type of work should be retrenched first. However, if it becomes necessary to retrench workers appointed earlier instead, this may be done by clearly stating the reasons.

Payment while retrenching the employee:

The employer shall pay a lump sum amount to be set by calculating at the rate of one month’s basic remuneration for each year of his or her service as compensation to employee who has completed the service period of at least one year.

If the service period is less than one year, employee shall be entitled to compensation. However, the law is not clear about the ways to calculate the compensation amount.

Note:

The provision of retrenchment is not applicable to entities with less than ten employees.

Minimum salary in Nepal 2082/83

MOKSHA LEGAL GROUP NEPAL — Sun, 27 Jul 2025 14:36:35 +0000

Minimum Salary in Nepal 2082 | Mimimum Wages For Workers in Nepal

The Government of Nepal reviews and updates the minimum wage policy regularly to improve labor standards and align with the rising cost of living. Understanding the latest minimum salary in Nepal is essential for employers, employees, investors, and policymakers.

In this detailed guide, we provide accurate, up-to-date information on the minimum wages in Nepal, sector-specific rates, historical changes, and compliance guidelines. Our objective is to deliver a reliable, in-depth reference for anyone impacted by labor remuneration regulations in Nepal.

What is the Minimum Salary in Nepal as of 2025?

As of the latest update effective Shrawan 1, 2080 (Mid-July 2023), the Government of Nepal has officially increased the minimum wage for workers across all sectors. The total minimum monthly wage has been set at:

Monthly Minimum Salary: NPR NPR 19,550
Daily Wage: NPR 750
Hourly Wage: NPR 96.15

This wage structure applies to both formal and informal sector workers unless exempted under specific labor regulations or industrial agreements.

Minimum Wages Structure Breakdown in Nepal

Wage Type	Amount (NPR)
Basic Salary	11,670
Allowances	7,830
Total Monthly	19,550
Daily Wage	750
Hourly Wage	96.15

These wage rates were recommended by the Minimum Wage Fixation Committee and enforced under the Labor Act 2017 (2074).

Legal Framework: Who Sets the Minimum Wages in Nepal?

The Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security (MoLESS), in coordination with the Minimum Wages Fixation Committee, is responsible for setting and reviewing the wage threshold every two years or as needed.

Key Legislative Instruments:

Labor Act, 2074 (2017)
Labor Rules, 2075 (2018)
Minimum Wages Guidelines and Gazette Notifications

The wage rates apply across industries, including manufacturing, hospitality, domestic work, agriculture, and services.

Historical Progression of Minimum Wages in Nepal

Minimum Wages by Sector in Nepal (if specified)

While the general rate of NPR NPR 19,550/month is applicable to all, certain special categories have historically negotiated different rates based on union agreements or collective bargaining.

Sector	Notes
Garment & Textile	Applies general minimum wage
Hospitality Workers	Tips may supplement base wage
Security Personnel	Often includes food + accommodation
Domestic Helpers	Covered under same minimum wage policy
Agricultural Workers	Prone to underpayment, less union coverage

Enforcement in informal sectors is still a challenge, especially in rural Nepal.

Minimum Wage Compliance for Employers in Nepal

All companies, factories, hotels, schools, and domestic employers must comply with the declared minimum wage. Failure to do so is punishable by fines, back pay liability, and possible suspension of operating licenses.

Employer Requirements:

Pay at or above NPR 19,550/month
Ensure equal pay for equal work (gender equity)
Provide pay slips and maintain salary registers
Submit labor audit reports if employing over 10 workers

Impact of Minimum Wages on Business and Labor Market

For Workers:

Improved living standards
Better access to education and healthcare
Reduced exploitation and forced labor

For Employers:

Slight increase in cost of operations
Better employee retention and morale
Compliance enhances brand reputation

For the Economy:

Boosts domestic spending
Supports poverty reduction initiatives
Encourages formalization of labor

Are You Paying or Receiving the Right Minimum Salary in Nepal?

To ensure compliance:

Employers must review wage structures and align with NPR 19,500 minimum
Employees should verify their salary components (basic + allowances)
HR & Payroll Systems must be updated accordingly

Employers must also revise:

Appointment letters
Salary sheets
Employee contracts
Contribution plans for SSF (Social Security Fund)

How the Minimum Wage Affects Social Security Contributions

SSF Contribution Breakdown (Based on NPR 19,500):

Contribution Type	Employee Share	Employer Share	Total
Retirement (Provident)	10%	10%	20%
Medical & Maternity	–	1%	1%
Accidental/Disability	–	1.4%	1.4%
Dependent Protection	–	0.27%	0.27%
Total	10%	12.67%	22.67%

Thus, a worker earning the minimum wage also gains access to health and retirement benefits under Nepal’s SSF framework.

Comparison of Minimum Wages: Nepal vs. SAARC Countries (2025)

Country	Monthly Minimum Wage (USD)
Nepal	~$146
India	$95–$175 (varies by state)
Bangladesh	$95
Sri Lanka	$75–$100
Pakistan	$110
Bhutan	~$130

Nepal ranks favorably within South Asia in terms of national minimum wage.

If you are a business owner unsure about your wage structure, or a worker being underpaid, contact our labor law specialists for consultation.

What is the current minimum salary in Nepal?

As of July 2023, the minimum salary in Nepal is NPR 19,500 per month.

Is minimum wage same for all types of workers?

Yes, unless there are legal exceptions or separate negotiated contracts, the same minimum wage applies across all sectors.

Do part-time workers get paid minimum wage?

Yes, but calculated proportionately based on hours worked.

What if my employer pays less than the minimum wage in Nepal?

You can file a complaint with the Labor Office or report to trade unions.

Are bonuses included in the minimum wage in Nepal?

No. Bonuses are additional and should not be counted as part of the minimum wage.

Business Visa in Nepal

MOKSHA LEGAL GROUP NEPAL — Tue, 08 Jul 2025 17:00:33 +0000

How To Get Business Visa in Nepal? | Business Visa Process in Nepal

If the Investor is desirous to bring foreign investment in Nepal, a business visa is granted to the Investor or one authorized representative of him or her and the family members of such Investor or representative to stay in Nepal.

This article guides you through the process to obtain the business visa in Nepal.

1. Governing Laws:

Major laws governing the business visa in Nepal are as follows:

a) Immigration Act, 1992 (2049),

b) Immigration Rules, 1994 (2051),

c) Foreign Investment Technology Transfer Act, 2019 (2075),

d) Foreign Investment Technology Transfer Rule, 2021 (2077).

2. Process of Obtaining Business Visa in Nepal

To obtain the business visa in Nepal, following procedures are required to be followed:

Step 1: Obtain Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) approval from the Department of Industry (DOI) by the investor.

Step 2: Registration of the Company, Tax registration and Industry registration.

Step 3: Obtain the business visa recommendation letter from the DOI.

Step 4: Submission of visa application before Immigration Department.

Step 5: Following the examination the Immigration Department will issue a Business Visa.

3. Documents Required for Obtaining Business Visa in Nepal:

The required documents to obtain the business visa are as follows:

A recommendation letter from the DOI or the concerned authority,
Bio Data (for first time applicants),
Foreign Investment Approval letter,
Copy of Company Registration Certificate,
Copy of tax registration certificate and tax clearance certificate,
Copy of Share registry certificate,
Copy of Industry Registration Certificate,
Original Passport and latest visa,
Industry Monitoring and Supervision report,
Progress report of company of industry (for renewal).

4. Visa Period

DOI will provide business visa recommendation for certain period depending upon the fulfillment of requirements of incorporation process and injection of investment amount. The requirements are set out below:

S. N.	Period	Conditions for issuance
a.	For 3 months	Under the condition of submission of certificate of incorporation of company for next visa approval.
b.	For next 3 months	Submission of certificate of incorporation and under the condition of submission of documents of tax registration, bank account details, industry registration or details of industry registration progress for next visa approval.
c.	For next 6 months; or	Submission of industry registration certificate.
c.	For next 3 months	Upon the satisfaction of industry registration progress and under the condition of registration of industry before injection of foreign investment capital for next visa approval.
d.	Next visa approvals	Upon the injection of foreign investment capital.

5. Applicable Government fee:

Government fee required for obtaining business visa in Nepal:

S.N.	Investment Amount (NRP)	Visa fee for 1 Month (USD)	Visa fee for 1 year (USD)	Visa fee for 5 years (USD)
a.	Investment amount Less than NRP. 10 Million	USD 35	USD 400	USD 1000
b.	Investment amount more than NRP. 10 Million	USD 20	USD 200	USD 500
c.	Investment amount more than NRP. 100 Million	No Charges	No Charges	No Charges

6. Timeline:

Obtaining the recommendation letter from the Department of Industry (DOI) or the concerned line agency typically takes around 1 to 7 days. Following this, the business visa is generally issued by the Department of Immigration within approximately 1 day.

For expert guidance and hassle-free business visa process in Nepal, contact Moksha Legal Group. Our experienced legal team ensures a smooth and efficient process.

Online Police Clearance Registration in Nepal

MOKSHA LEGAL GROUP NEPAL — Sat, 05 Jul 2025 12:22:08 +0000

Filing Police Complaints and Reports in Nepal | Online Police Clearance Registration in Nepal

In Nepal, police clearance registration is an essential process for individuals who need to prove their criminal record status for various purposes such as visa applications, employment, and immigration. Additionally, filing police complaints and police reports is a fundamental part of the legal system that helps maintain law and order in the country. With the advent of digital services, online police clearance registration and the ability to file police complaints online have made these services more accessible.

This article provides a comprehensive guide on how to file a police complaint in Nepal, the process of filing a police report, and how to verify your police clearance. Whether you are seeking information on Nepal Police reports or need help with police report verification in Nepal, this guide will cover everything you need to know.

Online Police Clearance Registration: How to Obtain Police Clearance Online in Nepal

Police clearance is an official certificate issued by the Nepal Police that verifies whether or not an individual has any criminal record. It is often required for foreign employment, immigration, and other official procedures.

Steps for Online Police Clearance Registration:

Visit the Official Website: Start by visiting the official website of the Nepal Police Department or the Police Clearance Portal.
Create an Account: If you don’t already have an account, you will need to create one by providing basic personal details such as your name, address, date of birth, and contact information.
Fill the Application Form: Complete the online police clearance application form. This will typically require details such as:
- Purpose of clearance (e.g., immigration, employment)
- Previous addresses (if applicable)
- Identity verification details (e.g., your citizenship number or passport details)
Submit Documents: Upload the necessary documents for identity verification, such as a copy of your Nepali Citizenship or Passport.
Payment: Pay the clearance fee online via the payment options provided (e.g., bank transfer, e-banking, or digital wallet).
Processing Time: After submission, the Nepal Police will process your application. The time frame typically ranges from 2-5 working days.
Download Clearance: Once the clearance is approved, you can download your police clearance certificate from the portal.

How to File a Police Complaint in Nepal

Filing a police complaint is essential for addressing grievances related to criminal activity, theft, assault, or any illegal activities. The Nepal Police has made it easier for individuals to file complaints both online and offline.

Steps for Filing a Police Complaint Online:

Visit the Nepal Police Website: Go to the official Nepal Police website and look for the Online Complaint Registration section.
Create an Account: Similar to the police clearance registration, you will need to create an account using your personal details.
Fill the Complaint Form: After logging in, fill out the complaint form. Be sure to provide the following details:
- Description of the incident: Clearly explain what happened, including location, date, and time.
- Personal Information: Your contact details and identity verification.
- Witness Information: If applicable, include any witnesses’ details.
- Proof of Incident: Upload any supporting evidence (e.g., photos, videos, documents) that can help substantiate your claim.
Submit the Complaint: Once the form is completed, submit it online. You will receive an acknowledgment number to track the status of your complaint.
Follow-Up: The Nepal Police will investigate your complaint, and you can follow up online using your acknowledgment number.

Filing a Police Report in Nepal: Understanding the Process

A police report is an official document generated by the Nepal Police after an incident or criminal event is reported. It serves as a record of the event and can be crucial for legal and official proceedings.

Steps for Filing a Police Report in Nepal:

Visit the Nearest Police Station: If you are unable to file a complaint online, you can visit your local police station to file a report. Be prepared to provide the same information as required for the online complaint.
Provide Details of the Incident: Provide a detailed account of the incident, including the date, time, and place of the occurrence, and any other pertinent facts.
Evidence Submission: Present any evidence you have that supports your claim, such as photos, witness statements, or documented proof.
Report Generation: After reviewing your information and evidence, the police will generate a police report. This document can be used for court cases, insurance claims, or other legal matters.
Obtain a Copy of the Report: Request a copy of the police report once it is filed, as this can be useful for future legal proceedings.

Nepal Police Report Verification: How to Verify Your Police Report

After filing a police report or obtaining a police clearance certificate, you may want to verify its authenticity. Verification of police reports is important to ensure the document’s legitimacy, especially when required for official purposes such as job applications or immigration procedures.

Steps for Police Report Verification in Nepal:

Access the Verification Portal: Visit the Nepal Police Verification Portal or visit the relevant police department to initiate the verification process.
Enter the Report Number: To verify the police report, enter the report number or complaint acknowledgment number into the system.
Provide Personal Details: Some verification portals may require you to submit your personal details to confirm your identity.
Submit and Confirm: Once submitted, the Nepal Police will provide you with a confirmation of whether the report is valid or not.

Conclusion

The process of filing police complaints, obtaining police clearance certificates, and verifying police reports in Nepal has become increasingly accessible due to digital advancements. With the availability of online registration and tracking systems, Nepali citizens can now handle their legal and police-related tasks with greater efficiency and ease. Whether you are looking for police clearance, need to file a police complaint, or wish to verify a police report, the tools and resources are now at your fingertips.

Establishment of Information, Communication, Technology in Nepal

MOKSHA LEGAL GROUP NEPAL — Thu, 03 Jul 2025 14:47:05 +0000

Establishment of Information, Communication, Technology ("ICT") Business in Nepal by the Foreign Investor

The foreign investor can operate an ICT business in Nepal through two types of business vehicle. They are:

Establishment of an ICT business by the foreign investor through Foreign Direct
Investment (FDI).
Establishment of a branch office of the foreign investor’s company.

1) Establishment of an ICT business by the foreign investor through Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).

Foreign Direct Investment (“FDI”) means investment made by the foreign investor including foreign individual, firm, company, Non-resident Nepali or foreign government or international agency or other corporate body of similar nature that makes foreign investment.

In recent years, Nepal has gained recognition as a rising hub for foreign investment. Nepal’s welcoming policy framework, labour availability, affordable and efficient labour force, a favorable business environment, ample green energy sources, and abundant natural resources constitute the primary factors attracting FDI to Nepal.

a. Governing Laws

Some of the governing laws which governs the FDI are as follows:

i. The Foreign Investment and Technology Transfer Act, 2019 (“FITTA”) and Foreign
Investment and Technology Transfer Rule, 2021 (2077) (“FITTR”);

ii. The Industrial Enterprises Act, 2076 (2020) and Industrial Enterprises Rule 2022 (2078);

iii. The Companies Act, 2063 (2006);

iv. Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1962 (2019) (“FERA”)

v. Public Private Partnership and Investment Act, 2019;

vi. The Environment Protection Act, 2019 (2076) and Environmental Protection Rule, 2020;

vii. Nepal Rastra Bank Foreign Investment and Foreign Loan Management Regulations, 2021 (“NRB Bylaws”).

b. Concerned Authority for FDI Approval

FDI Approving Authority is classified based on the investment amount:

Investment Amount	Approving Authority
For NPR 6 billion or Less	Department of Industry (“DOI”)
Above NPR 6 billion and Hydropower project more than 200 MW	Investment Board of Nepal (“IBN”)

c. Permissibility:

One of the options available for foreign investors to operate an ICT Business in Nepal is by establishing a company through foreign investment in Nepal. For this option, a foreign company desirous to invest in Nepal must invest in a permitted sector of “industry” in Nepal. The permissibility of foreign investment in Nepal is subject to the fulfillment of the following two criteria:

Firstly, the sector of industry must not fall under the “Negative List of Industries for Foreign Investment” provided in the Schedule of the Foreign Investment Act; and
Secondly, the sector of business must fall under the classification of an “industry” under the Industrial Enterprise Act, which is also called “Positive List”.

The Industrial Enterprise Act enlists ICT Business under the classification of Positive List and the Foreign Investment Act does not include it under the Negative List. Thus, the Investor can apply for foreign investment approval to establish a company with the objective of operating an ICT Business with 100% foreign ownership in equity shares of the company or in Joint Venture (JV) with Nepalese/foreign investor/s.

d. Minimum Capital Requirement:

Investment threshold is not applicable to the few ICT Business. They are: Technology park, IT park, Biotech park, Software development, Data processing, Digital mapping, Business process outsourcing (BPO), Knowledge process outsourcing (KPO), Data center, Data mining, Cloud computing, Web portal, and Web designing service.

e. Procedure of establishment of ICT Business in Nepal:

Following steps are followed for registration of ICT Business:

f. Required documents:

The list of the documents required for foreign investor are as follows:

S.N.	Documents
1.	Company incorporation certificate (if the company is an investor)
2.	Memorandum of Association (if the company is an investor)
3.	Article of Association (if the company is an investor)
4.	Copy of passports of all the directors and shareholders of an investors
5.	Copy of passport or citizenship of an investor’s authorized representative
6.	Project Report and schedule for investment
7.	Financial Credibility Certificate (“FCC”)
8.	Board Resolution of the investor company (if the company is an investor)
9.	Profile of the company or biodata of an individual investor
10.	Power of attorney

g. Timeline for registration of the ICT Business

The overall time period for the registration of foreign direct investment in Nepal takes about 15 days to 1.5 month.

h. Timeline for injection of Foreign Investment amount

Foreign Investors are required to inject the investment amount as following:

Timeline	Conditions	Percentage required to be injected
Stage I: Within 1 year of receiving the investment approval:	If the Minimum investment amount i.e. NPR 20 Million	25%
	If the Minimum investment amount NPR 20 Million to NPR 250 million	15%
	If the Minimum investment amount NPR 250 million NPR to 1000 Million	10%
Stage II: When the company starts production or does start the commercial transaction	For all the investment cap	Up to 70% of the investment amount
Stage III: After 2 years of production or commencement of transaction	For all the investment cap	Remaining 30% of the investment amount

2. Establishment of a branch office of the foreign investor’s company.

The second option for the Investor to establish an ICT Business in Nepal is by establishing a branch office. The branch office can carry out the business activities that the Investor carries out in the country of its incorporation as stated in the Memorandum of Association or related incorporation documents. Thus, the incorporation documents of the company issued from the home country must state the objective related to ICT Business if it wants to carry out such activities in Nepal.

a. Governing Laws:

The registration of a branch office of a foreign company in Nepal is governed by the Companies Act, 2006 (2063) (“Companies Act”). Section 154 (1) of Companies act incorporates the provision related to the registration of branch office of a foreign company in Nepal.

b. Minimum Capital Requirement:

The minimum capital investment threshold is not applicable to this option. It is free to transfer the operating costs into the local bank account as required for the branch office. However, the activities of making an investment in share of any company, lending money to any company, or participating in the operation or management of such company is not allowed.

c. Procedure for establishment of the branch office

Following steps are followed for branch office registration:

Kindly Note:

Separate approval shall not be required if the foreign company has already executed the agreement with government authority.

d. Required documents:

The list of the documents required for the establishment of a branch office are as follows:

S.N.	Documents
1.	Certificate of Registration, Memorandum of Association, Article of Association of the Foreign Company and its Nepalese Translation.
2.	Application for Branch Office Registration
3.	Board Resolution of the Foreign Company to set up a branch office.
4.	Signed Copy of Company Profile
5.	Copy of passport of all directors of Company
6.	Copy of citizenship certificate of Nepal Representative authorized to receive notices
7.	Letter of appointment of Authorized Representative
8.	Proposed Plan of Branch Office
9.	Power of Attorney.
10.	Declaration of director or their representative of Company that the information submitted is correct and accurate
11.	Approval letter from the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology
12.	Agreement executed by the foreign company with the government authority of Nepal (if available)

e. Timeline for completion of registration of branch office

The timeline for registration of a branch office in Nepal is usually 15 to 45 days. Sometimes it may require additional days to receive the approval from concerned government authority.

Registration of Trekking Agency and obtaining trekking agency license in Nepal

MOKSHA LEGAL GROUP NEPAL — Wed, 02 Jul 2025 15:57:00 +0000

Registration of Trekking Agency and Obtaining Trekking Agency License in Nepal

In Nepal, a trekking agency means a licensed firm or company that arrange travel and accommodation for the purpose of viewing various natural and cultural scenery, and conduct hiking, recreational trekking races, mountain biking, memorial races, marathon races near base camps, special trekking events for festivals and holidays and mountain climbing expeditions.

This article will guide you through the process of registration of the trekking agency and obtaining a trekking agency license in Bagmati Province, Nepal as per the law of Bagmati province Nepal.

1. GOVERNING LAWS

The Following laws govern trekking agencies in Nepal:

Province Tourism Act,207
Tourism Act, 2035
Companies Act, 2063
Travel and Trekking Agency Rules,2062

2. CONCERNED AUTHORITY TO OBTAIN TREKKING AGENCY LICENSE

The following authorities are responsible for regulating entities intends to registration and obtain the trekking agency license:

a) Tourism Office;
Office of Company Registrar (OCR);
Inland Revenue Office (IRD); and
Industry and Commerce Office.

3. PROCESS OF OBTAINING TREKKING AGENCY LICENSE

In Nepal, a trekking agency license can be acquired through a Limited Liability Company or a Firm.

a) Procedure for obtaining a trekking agency license through a Limited Liability Company.

Step 1: Registration of the Company at OCR

Step 2: Registration of Business at the concerned local government

Step 3: TAX (PAN/VAT) registration at IRD

Step 4: Opening of Bank Account and inject the capital amount by the investor

Step 5: Obtain Share registry Certificate from OCR

Step 6: Recommendation letter from Tourism office

Step7: Industry registration at the Industry and commerce office (previously small and cottage industry office)

Step 8: Obtaining trekking Agency License from Tourism office

b) Procedure for obtaining a trekking agency license through a Firm.

Step 1: Submission of the application to the Industry and Commerce Office

Step 2: Obtain Recommendation letter from Tourism office

Step 3: Industry registration at the Industry and commerce office (previously small and cottage industry office)

Step 4: Registration of Business at the concerned local government

Step 5: TAX (PAN/VAT) registration at IRD

Step 6: Opening of Bank Account and inject the capital amount by the investor

Step 7: Obtaining trekking Agency License from Tourism office

4. MINIMUM CAPITAL REQUIREMENT FOR COMPANY AND FIRM

Minimum Capital required to obtain the Trekking Agency License for the Company and the Firm are as follows:

S.N.	Agency	Capital Requirement
1.	Limited Liability Company	NPR 25,00,000
2.	Firm	NPR 15,00,000

5. GOVERNMENT FEE

a) Required government fee for trekking agency license:

S.N.	Agency	Capital Requirement
a)	Government fee to obtain the trekking agency license	NPR 25,000
b)	Application fee	NPR 100

b. The required renewal fees are as follows:

Renewal Period

Within 35 days

Additional up to 3 months

Additional up to 6 months

Additional up to 1 year

After 1 year

Government Fee (NPR)

25,000

10%

15%

25%

Additional 100% per year thereafter

6. VALIDITY OF LICENSE

The trekking agency license shall remain valid for a period of 5 (five) years.

7. REQUIRED DOCUMENTS

Followings are the required documents to obtain the Trekking Agency License.

a) Application form for registration,

b) Kabuliyatnama or Deed of Undertaking,

c) Notarized Copy of Company Incorporation Certificate, Memorandum of Associations and Article of Associations,

d) Notarized copy of the PAN/VAT registration certificate,

e) Notarized Share Certificate (Share lagat) amounting minimum capital required,

f) Notarized copy of citizenship copies of shareholders and the directors,

g) Personal details (Bio Data) of all director-shareholders along with 2 photographs each,

h) Verification letter signed before tourism office stating shareholder/directors have not been convicted of any criminal offense involving moral turpitude, have no outstanding government revenue or court fines, and are not blacklisted by any public authority,

i) A bank guarantee of NPR 5,00,000/- (Five lakh) issued for 5 (five) years by at least a Class B bank approved by Nepal Rastra Bank, in the name of the Tourism Office, Kathmandu,

j) Board resolution and Power of Attorney,

k) Latest Audit Report and Latest tax clearance certificate,

l) A commitment letter stating that the company/firm, while in the process of obtaining a license after registration, has not conducted any travel or trekking-related transactions to date, and if found to have done so, agrees to pay fines as per prevailing laws.

m) A house rental agreement in the name of the agency valid for 5 years,

n) Notarized landlord’s citizenship certificate,

o) Receipts for paid water/electricity bills.

8. TIMELINE

The process typically takes between 1 to 2 months, depending on the completeness of the submitted document and the internal processing time of the Tourism Office.

Can foreign nationals obtain a trekking agency license in Nepal?

No, schedule 1 of the Foreign Direct Investment and Transfer of Technology Act 2074, restricts foreign national's to make an investments in Trekking Agency in Nepal.

MOKSHA LEGAL GROUP

Labour Audit in Nepal (2026): Compliance Guide

Labour Audit in Nepal (2026): Compliance Guide

1. Background

2. Purpose of the Labour Audit

3. Governing Laws

4. Concerned Authority

5. Enterprises Required to Submit the Labour Audit

6. Labour Auditor

7. Responsibilities of the Labour Auditor

8. Responsibilities of the Enterprise

9. Submission Deadline

10. Penalty for Non-Compliance

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (“MOFA”) Verification in Nepal

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (“MOFA”) Verification in Nepal

How To File a Divorce in Nepal From Abroad

How to File a Divorce in Nepal from Abroad

Legal Grounds for Divorce in Nepal

By the Wife

By the Husband

Mutual Consent

How to execute Power of Attorney (“POA”)?

a. Draft the POA

b. Where to execute the POA?

c. What are the documents required for executing POA outside Nepal?

What are the required documents for filling a divorce in Nepal from abroad?

a.Power of Attorney (POA)

b.Citizenship Certificate

c.Marriage Registration Certificate

d.Passport Copy

e.Photographs

f.Divorce Petition

g.Evidence Supporting Grounds (for contested divorce)

h.Mutual Consent Application (if applicable)

What are the required documents for filling a divorce in Nepal from abroad?

a.Power of Attorney (POA)

b.Citizenship Certificate

c.Marriage Registration Certificate

d.Passport Copy

e.Photographs

f.Divorce Petition

g.Evidence Supporting Grounds (for contested divorce)

h.Mutual Consent Application (if applicable)

FAQs

What is the timeline to complete filling a divorce in Nepal from abroad?

Can we file divorce in Nepal living in abroad?

Enlistment of Data Centers and Cloud Services in Nepal

Enlistment of Data Centers and Cloud Service in Nepal (2026)

Required documents for the enlistment Cloud Services and Data Centers:

Provision on Retrenchment of the Employee under Nepal’s Labor Act, 2017

Provision on Retrenchment of the Employee under Nepal’s Labor Act, 2017

Procedure for retrenchment:

Retrenchment order:

Payment while retrenching the employee:

Note:

Minimum salary in Nepal 2082/83

Minimum Salary in Nepal 2082 | Mimimum Wages For Workers in Nepal

What is the Minimum Salary in Nepal as of 2025?

Minimum Wages Structure Breakdown in Nepal

Legal Framework: Who Sets the Minimum Wages in Nepal?

Key Legislative Instruments:

Historical Progression of Minimum Wages in Nepal

Minimum Wages by Sector in Nepal (if specified)

Minimum Wage Compliance for Employers in Nepal

Employer Requirements:

Impact of Minimum Wages on Business and Labor Market

Are You Paying or Receiving the Right Minimum Salary in Nepal?

How the Minimum Wage Affects Social Security Contributions

SSF Contribution Breakdown (Based on NPR 19,500):

Comparison of Minimum Wages: Nepal vs. SAARC Countries (2025)

What is the current minimum salary in Nepal?

Is minimum wage same for all types of workers?

Do part-time workers get paid minimum wage?

What if my employer pays less than the minimum wage in Nepal?

Are bonuses included in the minimum wage in Nepal?

Business Visa in Nepal

How To Get Business Visa in Nepal? | Business Visa Process in Nepal

1. Governing Laws:

2. Process of Obtaining Business Visa in Nepal

3. Documents Required for Obtaining Business Visa in Nepal: